I think utilizing high intensity UV lighting into the HVAC ducting would be a better bet, and would eliminate most virii without relying solely on filtration. As you mentioned there are drawbacks with filtration and an industrial filter designed to trap particulates as small as COVID would clog often, requiring regular and potentially dangerous maintenance. Of course, the UV lighting should be placed just before the air exits the ducting system into the building.
I already have one of those in my house. Bought it from a member here that sells medical cleaning equipment. It’s called Reme Halo.
Look up Reme Halo on google. There’s a YouTube video that explains how it works