Regarding telescopes and their most important part, the mirror. It turns out that if you move two pieces of material together such that the may abrade one another and you do it sort of randomly ("W" stroke), you can only get two resulting surfaces a flat surface (used for the diagonal mirror in a Newtonian telescope) and a sphere (the main mirror in a Newtonian telescope).
The key is it just takes time to do the work. So, while it might seem "difficult", it's just a matter of sticking to the "method".
The other thing that is interesting is how would measure the focal length of the mirror. A gentlemen, named Leon Foucault invented a very simple device. It can be made by anyone and measures the focal length of the mirror to a very, very fine degree
The Foucault knife-edge test was described in 1858 by French physicist Léon Foucault as a way to measure conic shapes of optical mirrors.[1] It measures mirror surface dimensions by reflecting light into a knife edge at or near the mirror's centre of curvature.The video below is much like the one I made. A platform, two razor blades, a sliding thingy, an old spice can from the cupboard, some glue, some thread rod and, the most intricate part, the measuring tool ($20). Total cost for the tester, about $30, if you have some old stuff laying around.
And guess what. If you remember the issues they had with the space telescope (mirror was not properly figured) they used some computer program to measure the surface which failed to given them the accurate data they needed. Had they used the $40 Foucault tester, would have been perfect.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAE70xYpUkk