NOAH used to send up 600 balloons a day to measure barometric pressure, wind direction at different altitudes and more. The current administration has cut that to 300
And NOAH still couldn’t avoid the flood.
Meanwhile NOAA cutting their balloons is not all that terrible and if The Weather Channel needs additional information for more accurate forecasts I believe they are free to conduct their own balloon tests. Let’s not forget just because the number was reduced doesn’t mean it cannot go back up.
600 balloons a day to make atmospheric readings means a lot of devices that most likely never get used again. Those balloons go up to 100,000 feet with sensors in them and when the balloon pops, the sensor has an attached parachute so it drifts down back down. It’s my understanding nobody goes out searching for them but if anyone finds one they can mail it back.
Rough Estimate:
Balloon: $200–$300
Radiosonde: $70–$100
Gas (helium/hydrogen): $50–$150 (helium being higher)
Labor (for manual launches): $50–$100 per launch, assuming 1–2 hours of staff time at $25–$50/hour
Total per launch: Approximately $370–$650, with variations based on gas type, automation, and site-specific factors.
For 76,600 launches annually, the total cost could range from $28 million to $50 million,
The exact cost for NOAA to launch a weather balloon is not explicitly detailed in available sources, as costs can vary based on equipment, location, and operational factors. However, some insights can be pieced together from related information.
Each weather balloon launch involves a latex balloon, filled with helium or hydrogen, and a radiosonde, which measures atmospheric data like temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind. The National Weather Service (NWS), part of NOAA, launches approximately 76,600 balloons annually across 100+ sites in the U.S. and its territories, typically twice daily.weather.govaxios.com
Key cost components include:
Balloon and Gas: A standard weather balloon (e.g., 3000g capacity) costs around $200–$300, based on commercial pricing for similar high-altitude balloons. Helium, used at 12 NWS sites, is more expensive than hydrogen, which is used at most other sites for cost-effectiveness. A single launch requires enough gas to inflate a balloon to about 5–6 feet in diameter, with costs varying due to market fluctuations. For instance, helium shortages in 2022 led to reduced launches at some sites, highlighting its higher cost.weather.govstratoflights.com
Radiosonde: These instruments, which are single-use and often not recovered, cost approximately $70–$100 each, based on industry estimates for similar meteorological equipment. The NWS uses advanced GPS-based radiosondes (e.g., GRAW models), which may be pricier due to modern sensors and software integration.weather.govweather.gov
Labor and Infrastructure: Manual launches require staff time (about 90 minutes per launch, including preparation and monitoring). Automation, like the autolaunchers used in Alaska, reduces labor costs significantly, with NOAA estimating $1 million in annual savings in Alaska alone, or $20 million over 20 years for 13 sites. This suggests labor and manual operations are a significant cost factor.noaa.govnoaa.gov
Miscellaneous: Parachutes, twine, and ground equipment (e.g., tracking antennas, computers) add minor costs. Automated systems, like the Manual Radiosonde Observing System (MROS), require initial investment but lower long-term operational costs.weather.govweather.gov
Rough Estimate:
Balloon: $200–$300
Radiosonde: $70–$100
Gas (helium/hydrogen): $50–$150 (helium being higher)
Labor (for manual launches): $50–$100 per launch, assuming 1–2 hours of staff time at $25–$50/hour
Total per launch: Approximately $370–$650, with variations based on gas type, automation, and site-specific factors.
For 76,600 launches annually, the total cost could range from $28 million to $50 million, though automation and hydrogen use likely keep costs toward the lower end. Private companies like WindBorne Systems claim their advanced balloons, which fly longer and collect more data, are slightly more expensive per launch but cost-effective over time due to extended flight durations (e.g., two weeks vs. two hours).wmtw.com
NOAA’s shift to autolaunchers and hydrogen at many sites reflects efforts to minimize costs, especially in remote areas like Alaska, where staffing is challenging. However, precise per-launch costs depend on factors like gas market prices and whether launches are manual or automated.noaa.govweather.gov
For the most accurate figure, you’d need to contact NOAA directly at
upperair@noaa.gov or
NWS.PA@noaa.gov, as they don’t publicly break down per-launch costs.weather.gov