Hmm....standard 20mm is (now) 4" brass. 40 mm is just over 12".
Scooter is right, put a metric ruler on the hole. It will be that mm cannon shells.
If you want to spend the time you can Goggle "cannon brass headstamps" then try to ID the
"HS, D, 26, 53, S69-53A" in the sites you find. You will have more difficulty with the arabic (Duh), though it could be German manufacture.
http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Ammunition-Handbook/Cartridge-headstamps.htmlhttp://www.xs4all.nl/~ator1149/wfm/ww1/stamps2.htmlhttp://www.radix.net/~bbrown/codes_full_alpha_p-z.html